1. Fa'avasegaina o ipu u'amea (e aofia ai u'amea fasimea):
1. Fa'avasegaina i le mafiafia: (1) ipu manifinifi (2) ipu vaeluagalemu (3) ipu mafiafia (4) ipu mafiafia fa'aopoopo.
2. Fa'avasegaina e ala i le gaosiga o auala: (1) u'amea u'amea vevela (2) u'amea u'amea malulu.
3. Fa'avasegaina i uiga o luga: (1) I'a fa'ameamea (pepa u'amea vevela, pepa fa'aeletise) (2) Pepa fa'a'apa (3) Pepa uamea tu'ufa'atasi (4) Pepa u'amea ufiufi lanu.
4. Fa'avasegaga e ala i le fa'aogaina: (1) Alalaupapa uamea ipu (2) Fa'afu uamea ipu (3) Fausia u'amea ipu (4) Otau ipu u'amea (5) Ta'avale uamea ipu (6) Fa'aofuofu uamea ipu (7) Fa'atūina ipu uamea (8). ) Pa'u u'amea eletise (pepa u'amea silicon) (9) ipu u'amea puna (10) isi
2. Ta'avale vevela: vili fa'ameamea, vili vevela, fa'apipi'i u'amea fausaga, ipu uamea ta'avale, ipu u'amea fau vaa, ipu uamea alalaupapa, ipu u'amea faumea, ipu uamea ipu, ipu fa'afefete, fa'amalieina vevela, Baosteel lautele ma ipu mafiafia, afi-tetee ma le tau-tetesua sila
3. Ta'avale malulu: u'amea fa'amalo malo, u'amea fa'alili malulu, pepa fa'aeletise, fa'amea vevela vevela, laupepa u'amea, u'amea lanu lanu, u'amea fa'apipi'i apa, u'amea eletise Baosteel, u'amea tu'ufa'atasi, ta'avale malulu. fasi u'amea, pepa alumini, GB i'a fa'amea fa'a'umea, lanu u'umea Pei Lanu pepa GB fa'a'apa uamea WISCO silikoni
4. Fa'avela uamea ipu ma fasi uamea ipu: 1. Fa'avela ipu uamea o se ipu uamea vela vevela e faia i le uamea fa'apipi'i masani carbon structural uamea fa'avelaina.O le u'amea uamea o se ituaiga uamea ma le deoxidation le atoatoa.E naʻo se aofaʻi o le deoxidizer vaivai e faʻaaogaina e faʻafefe ai le uamea uʻamea.Ole mea ole okesene ole u'amea u'amea e fai si maualuga., o le mea lea ua ta'u ai le uamea faapuna.O le u'amea uamea e maualalo le carbon anotusi, ma talu ai e le o deoxidized ferrosilicon, o le anotusi silicon i le sila e maualalo foi (Si<0.07%).O le vaega pito i fafo o uʻamea uʻamea ua crystallized i lalo o le tulaga o le faaosofia malosi o le uʻamea uʻamea e mafua mai i le faʻafefeteina, o lea e mama ma mafiafia le laulau i luga, ma tulaga lelei i luga, plasticity lelei ma tuʻi faatinoga, e leai ni pupu shrinkage faʻatumauina tele, tipi pito.itiiti, o le fua e maualuga, ma le faagasologa o le gaosiga o le vela uamea e faigofie, o le taumafaina o le ferroalloy e itiiti, ma le tau o le sila e maualalo.O lo'o fa'aaogaina lautele le ipu u'amea i le gaosiga o vaega fa'ailoga eseese, faufale ma fausaga fa'ainisinia ma nisi vaega fa'avae masini e le taua tele.Ae ui i lea, o loʻo i ai le tele o mea leaga i totonu o le uʻamea faʻafefe, o le vavaeeseina e ogaoga, o le fausaga e le mafiafia, ma o mea faʻainisinia e le tutusa.I le taimi lava e tasi, ona o le maualuga o le kesi i totonu o le uamea, o le malosi e maualalo, o le malulu malulu ma le matua matua o le lagona e maualuga, ma e le lelei foi le faʻaogaina o le faʻaogaina.O le mea lea, e le talafeagai le ipu uʻamea faʻafefete mo le gaosiga o fausaga faʻapipiʻi ma isi fausaga taua o loʻo aʻafia i le aʻafiaga o avega ma galue i lalo ole tulaga vevela.2. fasi ipu uamea o se ipu uamea e faia i le uamea fausaga masani carbon fasi uamea e taavale vevela.ua fasiotia ua atoatoa deoxidized sila.O le u'amea u'amea ua atoatoa deoxidized i ferromanganese, ferrosilicon ma alumini a'o le'i sasaa.O le okesene o loʻo i totonu o le uʻamea uʻamea e maualalo (e masani lava 0.002-0.003%), ma o le uʻamea uʻamea e matua toʻafilemu i totonu o le paluga ingot.E leai se mea fa'apupuna e tupu, o le mea lea ua ta'u ai le sila ua mate.I lalo o tulaga masani faʻagaioia, e leai ni bubbles i le ua fasiotia, ma o le fausaga e toniga ma mafiafia;ona o le maualalo o le okesene, o le uʻamea e itiiti ifo le faʻaogaina o le oxide, maualuga le mama, ma le malulu malulu ma le matua matua;i le taimi lava e tasi, o le uʻamea fasiotia e itiiti segregation, O le faatinoga e fai si toniga ma maualuga le lelei.O le le lelei o le uʻamea fasiotia o loʻo faʻapipiʻi faʻamaʻi pupuni, maualalo fua ma tau maualuga.O le mea lea, e masani ona faʻaaogaina le uʻamea fasiotia mo vaega e aʻafia i le maualalo o le vevela, fausaga faʻapipiʻi ma isi vaega e manaʻomia ai le malosi maualuga.O pa'u u'amea maualalo ua fasi uamea ma ipu u'amea fa'afasi'i.Ona o lona malosi maualuga ma le maualuga o le faatinoga, e mafai ona faasaoina le tele o uʻamea ma faʻaitiitia le mamafa o le fausaga, ma o lona faʻaogaina ua sili atu ma sili atu ona lautele.5. Tulaga u'amea u'amea fa'ameamea maualuga: Umea fa'apipi'i fa'ameamea maualuga o le uamea kaponi fa'atasi ai ma se mea e maua i lalo ifo o le 0.8%.O lenei uamea o loʻo i ai le itiiti ifo o le sulfur, phosphorus ma non-metallic inclusions nai lo carbon structural steel, ma e sili ona lelei mea faʻainisinia..E mafai ona vaevaeina uamea fausaga sili ona maualuga i ni vaega se tolu e tusa ai ma le anotusi carbon: uamea maualalo carbon (C≤0.25%), uamea carbon medium (C o 0.25-0.6%) ma uamea maualuga carbon (C> 0.6%).O le maualuga o le carbon structural steel ua vaevaeina i ni vaega se lua e tusa ai ma mea eseese manganese: anotusi manganese masani (manganese 0.25% -0.8%) ma le maualuga o le manganese (manganese 0.70% -1.20%), o le mea mulimuli e sili atu mea tau masini.fa'atinoga ma fa'agaioiga..
O togi o lona uamea o le u'amea uamea: 08F, 10F, 15F;u'amea fasiotia: 08, 08AL, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50. 25 ma lalo ifo o ipu uamea maualalo-carbon, 30 ma Luga 30 o le ipu uamea carbon medium.2. u'amea u'amea fa'ameamea maualuga uamea fa'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a uamea fa'a'ave'ave'amea ma fasi uamea lautele fa'ameamea maualuga fa'a'umea fa'ameamea u'amea fa'ameamea fa'ameamea ma fa'alava u'amea lautele e fa'aogaina mo vaega fa'ainisinia eseese.
O ona togi u'amea e maualalo carbon sila e aofia ai: 05F, 08F, 08, 10F, 10, 15F, 15, 20F, 20, 25, 20Mn, 25Mn, ma isi;uamea carbon medium e aofia ai: 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 30Mn, 40Mn, 50Mn, 60Mn, ma isi;
High carbon sila e aofia ai: 65, 70, 65Mn, ma isi.
6. ipu uamea fa'apitoa fa'atulagaina:
1. Pa'u u'amea mo va'a mamafa: O lo'o fa'aalia e le laumua R i le fa'ai'uga o le vasega, ma o le togi e mafai ona fa'aalia e ala i le tu'uina atu po'o le carbon content po'o le elemene fa'afefiloi.E pei o: Q345R, Q345 o le mea e maua ai.O le isi faʻataʻitaʻiga: 20R, 16MnR, 15MnVR, 15MnVNR, 8MnMoNbR, MnNiMoNbR, 15CrMoR, ma isi mea uma o loʻo faʻatusalia e le carbon content poʻo elemene faʻafefiloi.
2. Paʻu uʻamea mo le faʻapipiʻiina o pusa kasa: faʻaaoga le HP pito i luga i le pito o le vasega, ma o le togi e mafai ona faʻaalia e le fua faʻatatau, e pei o: Q295HP, Q345HP;e mafai foi ona faʻaalia i elemene faʻafefiloi e pei o: 16MnREHP.
3. Papa u'amea mo fala: fa'aaoga mataitusi laiti g i le pito o le vasega.O lona togi e mafai ona faʻaalia e ala i le tuʻuina atu, e pei o le: Q390g;e mafai foʻi ona faʻaalia e ala ile carbon content poʻo elemene faʻafefiloi, pei ole 20g, 22Mng, 15CrMog, 16Mng, 19Mng, 13MnNiCrMoNbg, 12Cr1MoVg, ma isi.
4. Papa u'amea mo alalaupapa: fa'aaoga mataitusi laiti q i le pito o le vasega, e pei o le Q420q, 16Mnq, 14MnNbq, ma isi. 09MnREL, 06TiL, 08TiL, 10TiL, 09SiVL, 16MnL, 16MnREL, ma isi.